Perth () is the capital and largest city of the Australian give leave to enter of Western Australia (WA). It is Australia’s fourth-most populous city, with a population of 2.1 million successful in Greater Perth in 2020. Perth is allowance of the South West Land Division of Western Australia, with most of the metropolitan area on the Swan Coastal Plain in the middle of the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp. The city has expanded outward from the native British settlements upon the Swan River, upon which the city’s central thing district and harbor of Fremantle are situated. Perth city is located on land upon which the Whadjuk Noongar, an Aboriginal people of the south west of Western Australia, have lived for what is considered “a relatively conservative estimate of going on for 50,000 years”.^: 2 The Noongar people now focus on to Perth as Boorloo.

Captain James Stirling founded Perth in 1829 as the administrative centre of the Swan River Colony. It was named after the city of Perth in Scotland, due to the pretend to have of Stirling’s patron Sir George Murray, who had associates with the area. It gained city status in 1856, although the Perth City Council currently governs lonesome a small Place around the central matter district. The city’s population increased substantially hence of the Western Australian gold rushes in the late 19th century. It has grown steadily since World War II due to a high net migration rate. Post-war immigrants were predominantly from Britain and Southern Europe, while more recent arrivals have led to a large population of Asian descent. Several mining booms in supplementary parts of Western Australia in the late 20th and in advance 21st centuries saw Perth become the regional headquarters for large mining operations.

Perth contains a number of important public buildings as without difficulty as various historic sites. Notable executive buildings tally Parliament House, Government House, the Supreme Court Buildings and the Perth Mint. The city is served by Fremantle Harbour and Perth Airport. It was a naval base for the Allies during World War II and the Royal Australian Navy’s Fleet Base West is located upon Garden Island. All five of Western Australia’s universities are based in Perth. The city has been ranked accompanied by the world’s most livable cities and was classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network in 2020 as a Beta global city.

As of 2021, Perth is on bad terms into 30 local direction areas and consists of beyond 350 suburbs. The metropolitan boundaries stretch 123 kilometres (76 mi) from Two Rocks in the north to Singleton in the south, and 62 kilometres (39 mi) east inland to The Lakes. Being 22 kilometres (14 mi) shorter than Sochi and with increase continuing, “Perth may soon^[timeframe?] eclipse Sochi in Russia”, making it the second-longest city in the world.

Outside of the central matter district, important urban centres within the metropolitan area include Armadale, Fremantle, Joondalup, Midland, Rockingham, and Thornlie. Most of those were originally normal as separate settlements and retained a sure identity after living thing subsumed into the wider metropolitan area. Mandurah, Western Australia’s second-largest city, forms a conurbation in the melody of Perth along the coast, though for most purposes it is yet considered a remove city.

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