Perth () is the capital and largest city of the Australian allow in of Western Australia (WA). It is Australia’s fourth-most populous city, with a population of 2.1 million breathing in Greater Perth in 2020. Perth is ration of the South West Land Division of Western Australia, with most of the metropolitan area on the Swan Coastal Plain between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp. The city has expanded outward from the indigenous British settlements upon the Swan River, upon which the city’s central issue district and harbor of Fremantle are situated. Perth city is located upon land upon which the Whadjuk Noongar, an Aboriginal people of the south west of Western Australia, have lived for what is considered “a relatively conservative estimate of in credit to 50,000 years”. The Noongar people now deliver to Perth as Boorloo.

Captain James Stirling founded Perth in 1829 as the administrative middle of the Swan River Colony. It was named after the town of Perth in Scotland, due to the have an effect on of Stirling’s patron Sir George Murray, who had connections with the area. It gained city status in 1856, although the Perth City Council currently governs deserted a small area around the central thing district. The city’s population increased substantially appropriately of the Western Australian gold rushes in the late 19th century. It has grown steadily previously World War II due to a tall net migration rate. Post-war immigrants were predominantly from Britain and Southern Europe, while more recent arrivals have led to a large population of Asian descent. Several mining booms in other parts of Western Australia in the late 20th and ahead of time 21st centuries motto Perth become the regional headquarters for large mining operations.

Perth contains a number of important public buildings as without difficulty as various historic sites. Notable organization buildings append Parliament House, Government House, the Supreme Court Buildings and the Perth Mint. The city is served by Fremantle Harbour and Perth Airport. It was a naval base for the Allies during World War II and the Royal Australian Navy’s Fleet Base West is located upon Garden Island. All five of Western Australia’s universities are based in Perth. The city has been ranked among the world’s most livable cities and was classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network in 2020 as a Beta global city.

As of 2021, Perth is divided into 30 local dealing out areas and consists of higher than 350 suburbs. The metropolitan boundaries stretch 123 kilometres (76 mi) from Two Rocks in the north to Singleton in the south, and 62 kilometres (39 mi) east inland to The Lakes. Being 22 kilometres (14 mi) shorter than Sochi and with increase continuing, “Perth may soon^[timeframe?] eclipse Sochi in Russia”, making it the second-longest city in the world.

Outside of the central matter district, important urban centres within the metropolitan area include Armadale, Fremantle, Joondalup, Midland, Rockingham, and Thornlie. Most of those were originally established as sever settlements and retained a distinct identity after being subsumed into the wider metropolitan area. Mandurah, Western Australia’s second-largest city, forms a conurbation afterward Perth along the coast, though for most purposes it is still considered a remove city.

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